A Site Dedicated to Fabric-Formed Concrete

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fabformwiki:research:usa:usa_schmitz [2023/10/11 16:13] – [INTRODUCTION] rpschmitzfabformwiki:research:usa:usa_schmitz [2023/10/19 15:46] (current) – [External Links] rpschmitz
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 <fs medium>The use of a flexible formwork appears to be ill suited for casting any concrete member since the way concrete has traditionally been cast has been in an all rigid formwork.  However, this method of casting concrete is beginning to attract attention as a method of construction.  The author’s first introduction to flexible formwork came from reading an article by Mark West, Director of the Centre for Architectural Structures and Technology (C.A.S.T.) at the University of Manitoba, Canada, published in //Concrete International// [1].  A visit to C.A.S.T., on the University of Manitoba campus, in June of 2004, brought the author up to date on this state-of-the-art method of construction.</fs> <fs medium>The use of a flexible formwork appears to be ill suited for casting any concrete member since the way concrete has traditionally been cast has been in an all rigid formwork.  However, this method of casting concrete is beginning to attract attention as a method of construction.  The author’s first introduction to flexible formwork came from reading an article by Mark West, Director of the Centre for Architectural Structures and Technology (C.A.S.T.) at the University of Manitoba, Canada, published in //Concrete International// [1].  A visit to C.A.S.T., on the University of Manitoba campus, in June of 2004, brought the author up to date on this state-of-the-art method of construction.</fs>
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 <fs medium>For the past several years, Professor West and his architectural students at C.A.S.T. have been exploring the use of flexible formwork for casting concrete wall panels [2, 3].  The shape a wall panel could take was first explored using a plaster model with various interior and perimeter boundary conditions.  The cloth fabric, when draped over interior supports and secured at the perimeter, deforms as gravity forms the shape of the panel with the fluid plaster as shown in Figure 1.  Once a satisfactory design has been obtained, a full scale cast with concrete can be made.</fs> <fs medium>For the past several years, Professor West and his architectural students at C.A.S.T. have been exploring the use of flexible formwork for casting concrete wall panels [2, 3].  The shape a wall panel could take was first explored using a plaster model with various interior and perimeter boundary conditions.  The cloth fabric, when draped over interior supports and secured at the perimeter, deforms as gravity forms the shape of the panel with the fluid plaster as shown in Figure 1.  Once a satisfactory design has been obtained, a full scale cast with concrete can be made.</fs>
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 ===== ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS ===== ===== ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS =====
  
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 <fs large>**ADINA Fabric Model**</fs> <fs large>**ADINA Fabric Model**</fs>
  
-<align justify><fs medium>The ADINA computer model representing the supporting fabric formwork uses 9-node, 2-D Solid elements.  The 2-D Solid element uses a 3-D plane stress (membrane) kinematic assumption.</fs></align>+### 
 +<fs medium>The ADINA computer model representing the supporting fabric formwork uses 9-node, 2-D Solid elements.  The 2-D Solid element uses a 3-D plane stress (membrane) kinematic assumption.</fs> 
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 | wt<sub>sm</sub> = 145 lbs/ft<sup>3</sup>| Weight                 | | wt<sub>sm</sub> = 145 lbs/ft<sup>3</sup>| Weight                 |
 | D<sub>sm</sub> = 0.00021716366 lb-sec<sup>2</sup>/in<sup>4</sup> | Density  | | D<sub>sm</sub> = 0.00021716366 lb-sec<sup>2</sup>/in<sup>4</sup> | Density  |
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 ===== PANEL DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION ===== ===== PANEL DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION =====
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 <fs medium>**Step 1 – Determination of Load Paths**</fs> <fs medium>**Step 1 – Determination of Load Paths**</fs>
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 <fs medium>**Step 4 – Panel Analysis and Design**</fs> <fs medium>**Step 4 – Panel Analysis and Design**</fs>
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 <fs large>**Reinforcement Considerations**</fs> <fs large>**Reinforcement Considerations**</fs>
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 <fs medium>The results of a plain concrete analysis for the panel under consideration show that a minimum panel thickness of 3½-inches is adequate.  Figure 21 shows one possible reinforcement arrangement should some or all the variables noted above be exhausted and the only way to achieve an adequate panel design is to reinforce it.  The reinforcement is placed where the principal tensile stresses are greatest.</fs> <fs medium>The results of a plain concrete analysis for the panel under consideration show that a minimum panel thickness of 3½-inches is adequate.  Figure 21 shows one possible reinforcement arrangement should some or all the variables noted above be exhausted and the only way to achieve an adequate panel design is to reinforce it.  The reinforcement is placed where the principal tensile stresses are greatest.</fs>
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 ===== CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ===== ===== CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS =====
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 <fs medium>The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation to Professor Peter Huttelmaier, Ph.D. who served as Capstone Project advisor during graduate studies at the Milwaukee School of Engineering and offered insightful and constructive comments during the preparation of this manuscript.  In addition, special thanks go to Professor Mark West, Director of the C.A.S.T. at the University of Manitoba, whose work on fabric-cast concrete wall panels provided the inspiration for this project.  The author also wishes to thank Geri Schmitz and Gary Shimek, MLIS for their efforts in proofing this manuscript.</fs> <fs medium>The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation to Professor Peter Huttelmaier, Ph.D. who served as Capstone Project advisor during graduate studies at the Milwaukee School of Engineering and offered insightful and constructive comments during the preparation of this manuscript.  In addition, special thanks go to Professor Mark West, Director of the C.A.S.T. at the University of Manitoba, whose work on fabric-cast concrete wall panels provided the inspiration for this project.  The author also wishes to thank Geri Schmitz and Gary Shimek, MLIS for their efforts in proofing this manuscript.</fs>
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 ===== See Also ===== ===== See Also =====
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 <fs medium>//Place text here.//</fs> <fs medium>//Place text here.//</fs>
  
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 ===== References ===== ===== References =====
  
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 [11] Terram Ltd., May 2000, “Designing for Soil Reinforcement (Steep Slopes),” Handbook, (United Kingdom: Terram Ltd.), pp. 19-22.  [Internet, WWW].  //Address//: http://www.terram.co.uk\\  [11] Terram Ltd., May 2000, “Designing for Soil Reinforcement (Steep Slopes),” Handbook, (United Kingdom: Terram Ltd.), pp. 19-22.  [Internet, WWW].  //Address//: http://www.terram.co.uk\\ 
 [12] ACI Committee 318.  2002.  Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318 02) and Commentary (ACI 318R-02).  Farmington Hills, Michigan: American Concrete Institute.</fs>\\  [12] ACI Committee 318.  2002.  Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318 02) and Commentary (ACI 318R-02).  Farmington Hills, Michigan: American Concrete Institute.</fs>\\ 
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 ===== External Links ===== ===== External Links =====
  
 <fs medium>[[http://www.umanitoba.ca/cast_building/|The Centre for Architectural Structures and Technology (C.A.S.T.)]]</fs>\\  <fs medium>[[http://www.umanitoba.ca/cast_building/|The Centre for Architectural Structures and Technology (C.A.S.T.)]]</fs>\\ 
-<fs medium>[[http://www.fabric-formedconcrete.com/|Fabric-Formed Concrete]]</fs>+<fs medium>[[http://www.fabric-formedconcrete.com/|Fabric-Formed Concrete]] (Opens this site in a new window.)</fs>
  
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